What is the normal breathing rate of a person at rest?
12-16 times per minute
What are the stages of breathing for life?
1. Slow intake of air
2. Somewhat quicker release of air
3. A recovery period before the next intake.
What is the essential difference between breathing to live
and breathing to sing?
The amount of conscious control exerted over the breath.
What are the factors involved in getting air out of the
body?
1. The diaphragm relaxes
2. The lungs return to their original shape
3. Abdominal organs and wall return to their original shape
4. The internal rib and abdominal muscles assist in getting rid of the air.
What are the benefits of breathing through the nose? (Why do we normally do this when breathing
for life?)
Because when we breath through the nose the air is filtered, warmed and moisture is added to it.
Why does McKinney believe that aerobic conditioning is good
for singers?
Because it builds the bodies ability to breath deeper, people who don't exercise regularly tend to be more shallow breathers.
What are the stages of breathing for singing?
1. Breathing in
2. Setting up controls
3. Controlled exhalation
4. Recovery
How does inhalation for singing differ from inhalation for
life?
The inhalation for singing, has more quantity, goes deeper into the lungs and is quicker than breathing for life.
What are the three scenarios he suggests trying to condition
a good inhalation for singing?
1.Pretend you are smelling a flower
2. Pretend you are beginning a yawn.
3. Pretend you are drinking a flass of water
What are the three postural conditions that should exist
BEFORE you inhale?
1. The chest should be comfortably high.
2. The lower abdomen should be comfortably in.
3. The upper abdomen should be free to move.
How does breath seem to move when you inhale?
Into the body, down to the lungs and out the middle of the body
In the quote from Van Christy, “[When] all the muscles
function properly in singing, there is a feeling of FLEXIBLE, EXPANSIVE, OPENNESS in the body.
Why does McKinney say that recovery is important?
Because if we don't take the sufficient time to recover the muslces will tense.
What is the secret for performing a good catch breath?
Getting the air passages completely open, so that nothing restricts the flow of air.
What is breath support?
Breath support is the "dynamic relationship between the breathing-in muscles and the breathing-out muscles, the purpose of which is to supply adequate breath pressure to the vocal folds for the sustaining of any desire pitch or dynamic level."
What is breath control?
Breath control is the function of the vocal chords themselves.
What are the four incorrect methods of breathing and their
corrective procedures?
1. Upper chest breathing: lean against a wall, lying flat on their backs.
2. Rib breathing: release of postural tension, encouragement of upper abdominal expansion.
3. Back breathing: encouraging frontal expansion
4. Belly breathing: postural (high chest, spinal stretch and straight back)
What is hypofunctional breathing and what are the corrective
procedures for it?
Hypofunctional breathing is when the singer can produce enough physical activity of the breathing mechanism. It is corrected by explaining, demonstrating the four stages in breathing.
What is hyperfunction breathing and what are the 2 main
causes and corrective procedures for it?
Hyperfunction is when the singers demands too much physical activity of the breathing mechanism. Its two main causes are: the misconception that the ability to sing long phrases is in direct relationship to the quantity of air you can inhale and the fear of running out of breath in a public performance. It is corrected by limiting oneself to only taking comfortably deep breaths.
What is hypofunctional breath support and what are the
possible causes?
Hypofunctional breath support is the failure to activate the support mechanism and provide enough breath pressure for the proper function of the vocal chords. Possible causes are: no suspension phase, the misconception about how loud you are singing, an anemic concept of vocal tone, devitalized posture, and lack of awareness.
What is the corrective procedure for hypofunctional support?
Make the student aware of the problem and allow them to exaggerate their responses for a time so they can grasp the concept.
What is hyperfunctional breath support and what are the
possible causes?
Hyperfunctional breath is demanding too much from the support mechanism and results in a malfunction of the phonations, resonation and the articulation systems. Possible causes are: trying to make the voice big, pulling in the upper abdomen, elimination the suspension phase, excess postural tension and too muscular approach to singing.
What is the corrective procedure for hyperfunctional
support?
Getting the student to not exert so much local effort on the upper abdomen.
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