What is the normal breathing rate of a person at rest? about 12-16 breaths per minute
What are the stages of breathing for life? 1-slow intake of air, 2-quicker release of air, 3-recovery period before next intake
What is the essential difference between breathing to live
and breathing to sing? the amount of conscious effort used in breathing
What are the factors involved in getting air out of the
body? 1-the diaphragm relaxes, 2-the lungs return to normal shape after expansion, 3-everything in the abdomen returns to its normal state/place after being displaced, 4-the rib muscles and abdominal muscles assist in expelling air
What are the benefits of breathing through the nose? (Why do we normally do this when breathing
for life?) the nose filters, warms, and moistens the air by slowing its intake
Why does McKinney believe that aerobic conditioning is good
for singers? because it helps the efficiency of the gas exchange, and sedentary people tend to breath shallower
What are the stages of breathing for singing? 1-inhalation, 2-suspension, 3-phonation, 4-recovery
How does inhalation for singing differ from inhalation for
life? quicker breath, more air, deeper into lungs
What are the three scenarios he suggests trying to condition
a good inhalation for singing? 1-pretend to smell a flower, 2-pretend to begin a yawn, 3-pretend to drink a glass of water
What are the three postural conditions that should exist
BEFORE you inhale? 1-comfortably high chest, 2-lower abdomen comfortably in, 3-upper abdomen released and free to move
How does breath seem to move when you inhale? into the body, down to the lungs, out around the middle of the body
In the quote from Van Christy, “[When] all the muscles
function properly in singing, there is a feeling of flexible, expansive openness in the body.
Why does McKinney say that recovery is important? without recovery, muscles can become more and more tense upon each breath
What is the secret for performing a good catch breath? getting the airway completely open as quickly as possible without extra restriction or work
What is breath support? the relationship between the inhalation muscles and the exhalation muscles, supplying adequate breath pressure to the vocal folds
What is breath control? relationship between the breath and the vocal folds, determining how much you can sing on one breath
What are the four incorrect methods of breathing and their
corrective procedures? 1-upper chest breathing--correct posture and breathing, 2-rib breathing--release postural tensions and encourage upper abdominal expansion, 3-back breathing--encourage frontal expansion, 4-belly breathing--fix posture!
What is hypofunctional breathing and what are the corrective
procedures for it? failing to demand enough activity of the breathing mechanism--explaining, demonstrating, and letting student experience the phases of singing breathing
What is hyperfunction breathing and what are the 2 main
causes and corrective procedures for it? demanding too much activity of the breathing mechanism--only take as much air as is comfortable and use it efficiently
What is hypofunctional breath support and what are the
possible causes? failure to demand enough activity of the support mechanism--1-no suspension phase, 2-misconception that singing is louder than it is, 3-anemic concept of vocal tone, 4-devitalized posture, 5-lack of awareness of nature of support mechanism
What is the corrective procedure for hypofunctional support? make student aware of problem and cause, and fix it, by panting or "ho ho ho"
What is hyperfunctional breath support and what are the
possible causes? demanding too much from support mechanism--1-trying to make voice bigger, 2-pulling in on upper abdomen, 3-eliminating suspension phase, 4-excess posture tensions, 5-too much muscle in singing
What is the corrective procedure for hyperfunctional
support? get student to stop exerting so much local effort in abdomen by practicing stages of breathing, practicing singing softly
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