What is the normal breathing rate of a person at rest? 12 - 16 breaths per minute.
What are the stages of breathing for life? A slow intake of air, a somewhat faster release of air, and a recovery period before the next inhalation.
What is the essential difference between breathing to live and breathing to sing? amount of conscious control exerted.
What are the factors involved in getting air out of the body? the diaphragm relaxes, the lungs return to their original shape, and abdominal organs and abdominal wall return to their original shape and the internal rib muscles and abdominal muscles assist in the expulsion of air.
What are the benefits of breathing through the nose? (Why do we normally do this when breathing for life?) it filters, warms, and adds moisture to the air.
Why does McKinney believe that aerobic conditioning is good for singers? when you don't workout you don't breath as deeply. When you are in shape you have deeper breath.
What are the stages of breathing for singing? breathing in period, a setting up controls period, a controlled exhalation, and recovery period.
How does inhalation for singing differ from inhalation for life? faster, deeper, and more air is inhaled.
What are the three scenarios he suggests trying to condition a good inhalation for singing?
1. Pretend you are smelling a flower and notice how the breath enters your body slowly and easily without any conscious effort and how deep the breath goes.
2. Pretend you are beginning a yawn, but do not actually go into a full yawn. Notice how your lower jaw drops free, notice the lifting feeling in the soft palate, notice that your throat fells deeper, notice the cool air moving easily through your throat, notice how deep in the body the breath goes.
3. Pretend you are drinking a glass of water and observe how deep and spacious the throat seems, and the lift in the soft palate.
What are the three postural conditions that should exist BEFORE you inhale? high chest, abs in, upper abs should be free to move.
How does breath seem to move when you inhale? The breath moves into the body, down into the lungs, and out around the middle of the body.
In the quote from Van Christy, “[When] all the muscles function properly in singing, there is a feeling of flexible, expansive openness in the body."
Why does McKinney say that recovery is important? If you don't recover properly, the muscles in your body become more and more tense.
What is the secret for performing a good catch breath? Dropping the jaw and taking a fast, surprised breath.
What is breath support? Breath support is a dynamic relationship between the "breathing in muscles" and the "breathing out muscles."
What is breath control? A function of the vocal cords themselves. It determines how long you can sing on one breath.
What are the four incorrect methods of breathing and their corrective procedures?
Upper-chest breathing: establish correct posture. Some students may need to sit or lay down.
Rib breathing: the release of postural tension and releasing the abdomen. Some students may need to sit and bend forward from hip joint.
Back Breathing: encourage frontal expansion. Shoulders may also need correction.
Belly breathing: teach posture alignment. chest up, spinal stretch, and straight back.
What is hypofunctional breathing and what are the corrective procedures for it?Not fully engaging the muscles of breathing and failing to take in enough air. Demonstrate and describe the four stages of breathing.
What is hyperfunction breathing and what are the 2 main causes and corrective procedures for it? Demanding too much physical activity of the breathing mechanism and taking too much air into the body. Causes are generally mental. Some think that the amount of air you intake will determine the length of time you can phonate. Some are afraid they will run out of breath in a public performance. To correct this, limit the amount of air you inhale to a comfortable level.
What is hypofunctional breath support and what are the possible causes? Not engaging the muscles that support the exhalation of air. Possible causes are no suspension phase before onset, the singer thinks that he is singing much louder than he actually is, an anemic concept of vocal tone, devitalized posture, and/or a lack of awareness of the supporting mechanism.
What is the corrective procedure for hypofunctional support?
Make the student aware of the support mechanism, and ask for necessary adjustments. Panting, laughing, hisses.
What is hyperfunctional breath support and what are the possible causes?Demanding too much of the support mechanism. There is too much breath pressure to the larynx. Possible causes: they think that support is the only way to sing for an extended period of time, trying to make the voice bigger, pulling in on the upper abdomen, eliminating the suspension phase of breathing, excess postural tension, and a too muscular approach to singing.
What is the corrective procedure for hyperfunctional support? Ask the student to describe what they feel while the suspension stage is in effect. Have them practice the stages of breathing.
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