Discover Your Voice: Chapter 17
Emily Cottam
Chapter Summary: Our nervous system is extremely complex; it carries messages from the brain to the rest of our body through chemical or stimulatory response. There is the voluntary and involuntary nervous system. The medulla oblongata, connected to the spinal cord, is used for natural processes (breathing, blood pressure, heart rate, etc.). The hypothalamus is the emotional center. Axons send messages, dendrites receive. The afferent nerve fiber sends messages to the brain, and efferent nerve fibers send them out from the brain. If an action is performed enough, it becomes a conditioned reflex, or automatic. The point of saturation is when you achieve your greatest efficiency with nerve stimulation. “Proprioceptive nerve fibers conduct afferent sensations from muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joints the brain.” Superior branch: CT muscles. Inferior portion: PCA, LCA, TA, and IA, and it has branches to the stomach/heart. Recurrent laryngeal nerve: into the chest area. Glossopharyngeal nerve: links to vagus nerve and medulla. Mucous membrane of pharynx, pillars of fauces, back part of tongue, and stylopharyngeus muscles. Facial nerve: from medulla/stylohyoid, the face, lower lip, chin. Vth: teeth, tongue, chewing muscles, pons. XIth: from medulla/cervical part of spine, works with trapezeus and sternocleidomastoid muscles, neck/shoulders. XIIth: work with extrinsic muscles, tongue motions in articulation. Every muscle action is opposed by an antagonistic action.
Key Concepts: Everything we do is controlled by our brain. Our nerves are all interconnected, so it’s important to understand that if one nerve is activated/stimulated/damaged, it has an effect on several other nerves.
Key Terms: medulla oblongata, hypothalamus, axons, dendrites, afferent nerve fiber, efferent nerve fiber, reflex arc/conditioned reflex, point of saturation, proprioception, synapse, pre-phonatory inspiration, kinesthetic senses, biofeedback, hormones, endocrine system, Vagus (aka laryngeal nerve), superior branch, inferior portion, recurrent laryngeal nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, facial nerve, slow twitch, fast twitch, sympathetic and empathetic nervous systems
Making Connections: When I read this chapter, I realized exactly how interconnected our entire body is, especially when we sing. Now, when my teacher asks me to do something unusual to get a different result, I’ll know exactly why.
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