Amber D.
Your Voice: An Inside View Ch 1:
Listening Study Questions
Provide the missing descriptor in
the following pairs: (2-6)
Clean – Raspy
Dramatic – Lyric
Loft – Twang
Clear – Breathy
Healthy – Damaged
Dark – Bright
Forward – Back
Ringing – Conversational
Nasal – Non-Nasal
Free – Forced
Straight Tone – Vibrant
Wobble – flutter
Define chiaroscuro. (2) – Light/dark
balance in the timbre
How does the strength of the
overtones vary in tones that are bright vs. dark? (2) Bright tones have
stronger high pitched overtones and dark tones have stronger lower overtones.
What causes twang resonance? How
would you describe the sound? (2) Twang resonance results from a narrowing of
the vocal tract to produce a brassy, edgy timbre, which might be accompanied by
overt nasality.
What causes loft resonance? (2) Loft
resonance is created by relaxing and enlarging the pharynx and lifting the soft
palate
What often causes the sound to be
‘back’ rather than forward? (2-3) Excess tension carried in the root of the
tongue.
Lyric and dramatic are indicators of
both the size and COLOR of the voice. (3) Color… color of the voice.
Synonyms for light and dramatic
might be: (3) Smaller, or larger. Darker or brighter.
What is the cause of breathiness?
(3) Incomplete closure of the glottis
What is raspiness? What causes
raspiness? (3) Raspiness is the amount of extraneous noise in vocal sound. It
is caused by periodic events during vocal fold vibration, possibly caused by physiological
and/or pathological voice disorders.
How are breathiness and raspiness
different? (3) Breathiness is caused by a specific space in the vocal fold
where air is escaping. Raspiness can be caused by any number of things from
purposely induced emotional effect, to outright damage.
What are signs of a damaged voice?
(3) Hoarse, raspy sounds that are beyond the control of the singer.
What is nasality? What causes
nasality? (4) Nasality is the sound being way too far up in the nasal cavity.
This is caused by the soft palate being too open and too mush air escaping through
the noes while phonating
Define free singing. (4-5) the
amount of force should always be appropriate to the desired vocal quality.
Define forced singing. (5) Forced
sounds give the impression of being taxing ion the singer. If prolonged they
will induce hoarseness or noticeable fatigue.
Define vibrato. (5) Long term
vibration or oscillation superimposed on a sustained frequency or pitch.
What is the compass of a normal vibrato?
(5) A major second or more from top to bottom.
Describe the characteristics of
regular vibrato. (5) Usually features equal portions of loudness and modulation
that occur in perfect Sync.
What does pitch-dominant vibrato
sound like? (5) Perpetual slow trill which can make it difficult to determine which
pitch is actually being sung.
What does loudness-dominant vibrato
sound like? (5) Can have a bleating quality like a child imitating a Billy
goat.
What is the oscillation rate of a
healthy, well-balanced vibrato? (5) 4.5 to 7 cycles per second
Define wobble. (5-6) Very slow
vibrato
What causes wobble? (6) Poor singing
technique, prolonged periods (years) of taxing use, neurological disorders, or
simple old age.
How can we avoid developing a
wobble? (6) Good vocal hygiene, including maintenance of pulmonary fitness, can
help prevent this.
Define flutter. (6) Rapid vibrato,
usually more than 7 cps. Which also has a narrow pitch compass.
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