Emily F. McCoy Ch. 5

Emily F. McCoy Ch. 5:
a) What minimum frequency range is required to view the impact of both vowel and singer's formants in a spectrogram? 0 to 5500 Hz
b) What are the differences between narrowband and wideband spectrograms? Narrowband spectrograms divide frequency into small segments so you can see harmonics and time events like vibrato. Wideband spectrograms divide frequency broadly, so you can see formants and glottal opening/closure.
c) What types of analysis can be used to help a singer develop a chiaroscuro timbre? Tools that show intensity of high and low frequency in sound, especially spectrograms, power spectra,  and LPC.
d) What type of analysis is best suited to help a singer develop an even vibrato?  a narrowband spectrogram
e) Why does realtime analysis feedback often work better for male voices than female voices? The frequency range that men sing in shows several harmonics on a spectrogram, as well as formants, so it's easy to see and respond to these.
f) what is the minimum sample rate required to analyze frequencies in the 0-11 kHz range? 22 kHz
g) Why is formant analysis with LPC often inaccurate? If the fundamental exceeds the frequency range of F1, LPC analysis can be inaccurate.
h) What is meant by the term "closed quotient"? The time the glottis is closed vs. open, during vibration, measured by %.
i)Why is EGG analysis considered to be noninvasive? Electrodes are placed on the neck, outside the larynx, and the EGG measures the opening and closing of the glottis.
j) What is spirometry? the measurement of lung capacity.