Your Voice: An Inside View Ch 4: Formants
- How is the vocal tract like the amplifier and tone controls of a stereo system?
- The vocal tract is an amplifier and graphic equalizer; it’s highly adjustable and can modify sounds. “It selectively amplifies and attenuates frequencies present in the sound source.”
- Define the term formant.
- A resonance of the vocal tract. (amplification/enrichment provided by the vocal tract, a.k.a. sound potential. )
- Which formants are responsible for vowel creation?
- F1 and F2 are required for accurate vowel production. The rest of them provide timbre/carrying power/projection.
- What is formant tuning? (a.k.a. vowel modification)
- Trying to get F1 to sound as much as F0 as possible. “The synchronization of F1 with the fundamental frequency/harmonic overtone.”
- Why is the singer’s formant important?
- It makes vocal projection must easier.
- Are there alternatives touring the singer’s formant?
- Yes; some high sopranos use tessitura, and some tenors use F2 instead of Fs for their high notes.
- How are formants viewed differently in linear and nonlinear descriptions of vocal resonance?
- Linear: formant peaks provide maximum amplification.
- Nonlinear: Maximum amplification happens just before formant peak. (The formant itself induces instability.)
- What is the average pitch for F1 of the cardinal vowels?
- <i, e, a, o, u> = E4, C5, G5, C5, E4 (plus about a major third above or below these pitches)
- How are formants different from resonance frequencies in a fixed-diameter quarter-wave resonator?
- Formant frequencies can be changed by moving the articulators; resonances of a fixed diameter tube are locked in place. (duh)
- If the vowel /a/ is sung on F4, which of the first three harmonics is likely to be strongest?
- 2F0. Close to F2 of /a/, centers around pitch G5. (I still don’t get how to do this.)
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