Sam Meredith McKinney Ch. 6

List 5 usages for the term register. a particular part of the vocal range, a resonance area, a phonatory process, a certain timbre, a region of the voice, which is defined by breaks

What are the 3 elements of the definition of register? a certain vibratory pattern of the vocal folds, a certain series of pitches, and a certain type of sound

All registers originate in ___laryngeal___________________________ function. 

The terms head voice and chest voice are more legitimate as descriptions of ________resonance sensations________________________________.

Many of the problems identified as register problems are really problems of ________resonance adjustment________________________________.

According to McKinney, what are the 4 distinct vibratory forms (registers)? vocal fry, modal voice, falsetto, whistle

For each register, summarize what you have learned about it.  Include information about

1.     vibratory pattern-- Glottal fry: loose glottal closure where air bubbles through, Modal voice: full glottal closure, Falsetto: only ligamentous portion vibrates, Whistle: triangular opening at glottis

2.     pitch range--Glottal fry: mean range of 36.4 Hz, Modal voice: Usually 2 octaves in well-trained singers, Falsetto: overlaps with modal voice, Whistle: starts at high C and extends up an octave

3.     characteristic sound--Glottal fry: rattly, Modal voice: Normal speaking range and notes above it, Falsetto: breathy, Whistle: fluty sound

4.     uses--Glottal fry: to reach pitches that are not in the range of modal voice, Modal voice: Most singing, Falsetto: maintaining a high tessitura in choir, Whistle: sometimes used in pop style

In modal register, how is frequency controlled? the length, tension, and mass of the vocal folds

Sometimes singers/voice teachers mistakenly identify an area of vocal problems as a register break.  What is often more likely the issue? resonance

What is the shape of the vocal folds for the lowest tones? thick, wedge-shaped

What is one of the primary reasons for vocalizing in falsetto? it can encourage release of unnecessary tension in the modal voice

What are the essential differences between modal and falsetto? what portion of the vocal folds is vibrating, the change in timbre

Describe the different ways that singers produce falsetto? some singers leave the cartilaginous portion of the glottis open, some singers leave the full glottis opens

Most professional singers have at least ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­___an octave______________________ range where modal and falsetto overlap. 

Why is it sometimes hard to tell whether a female singer is singing in modal or falsetto? the difference in timbre between modal voice and falsetto isn't very pronounced