Sarah Boucher Malde Ch. 5 Part 2

The muscle of the lips extends all the way up to the NOSE and all the way down to the INDENTATION ABOVE THE CHIN.   

Describe the buccinators: include location, attachments, and function and resonance effect

They form the inside of the cheeks they connect the lips in front and in the back they connect to the upper pharyngeal constrictor at a tendinous raphe inside the cheekbone. They have fibers that originate above the upper molars and run obliquely to attach below the lower molars. Can make the sound more spread.

What is the tongue’s survival function?

to move food around and start the push down the stomach

What is the function of the tongue for singing?

to form vowels and consonants

 

How many intrinsic tongue muscles are there?  What is their function?

four, they are responsible for the fine motor movements of articulation

How many extrinsic tongue muscles are there?  What is their function?

five extrinsic muscles move the tongue forward, up, back or down

 

Where does the tongue have attachements?

to the hyoid bone and to the jaw at the back of the chin

 

What is the septum of the tongue?  What is its function?

thin and fibrous part of the tongue that extend vertically from the center of the hyoid bone and serves as a point of attachment for the intrinsic muscles

What are ways that singers use their tongues inappropriately?

Recruiting the tongue to do the work of other muscles

 

What is the only healthy way to lower the larynx?

using the muscles that connect to it from below

 

Which four muscles in the neck are the only muscles that can play a positive role in vocal resonance?

sternohyoid, omohyoid, stylopharyngeus

 

What is the function of the rest of the next muscles?

turning the heard, lifting the arms (Most of the neck muscles function only for expression and gesture in singing)

What are the strongest muscles that pull up on the larynx?

the pair of hyoglossus muscles

Describe the aryepiglottic sphincter (location and function)

the AES is just above the vocal folds and is defined by the muscles surrounding the epiglottis cartilage, engaging these muscles helps belters gain an acoustic advantage without lowering the larynx

What causes the Singer’s Formant?

the opening of the larynx is much smaller than the width of the lower pharynx. Can be achieved by widening the pharynx or making the laryngeal opening smaller

What is vowel modification?

altering the vowels a bit so they are easier to sing at certain pitches

 

How can we be singing the correct pitch and still be off in terms of intonation?

The resonance may be off, higher overtones can make us sound sharp, low overtones can make us sound flat