What are the three characteristics of good physical movement as described in the opening paragraphs of chapter 2? (11)
Balance, freedom, flexibility
Singing always requires __________________. (12)
micromovement
What words does the author suggest might be substituted for poster? (12)
balance, buoyant, springy.
What are the questions you should ask to map your skeleton? (12)
How large is my skeleton? Where is my skeleton located? What is the construction of my skeleton? What is the function of my skeleton? How does my skeleton move?
What is the function of your skeleton? (14)
support, distributes weight, and helps us move
What is a joint? (14)
where 2 bones connect
What is co-contraction? (14)
when someone tries to move by using two muscles instead of one.
What would cause a skeletal muscle to not be able to move freely? (14)
co-contraction
What is the difference in the workings of a tense and a released muscle? (15)
tense muscles work more than necessary, released muscles work precisely as what is needed.
Our muscles should
release; rest
Describe the location of the 4 different portions of your spine. What is the function of each? (16)
Cervical: holds the weight of the head
Thoracic: bears the weight of the head, arms and chest
Lumbar: supports torso, arms and head
Sacrum: distributes the weight from your upper body to your pelvis
What is the name of the top vertebra? (16)
Atlas
How does the thickness and size of the vertebrae differ? (19)
lower are thicker than the higher ones
How far from your back is the lumber spine located? (19)
??
How much space does the circumference of your spine occupy? (19)
lumbar takes up half,thoracic 1/4 cervical 1/3
What are the four curves of the spine? How many vertebrae make up each curve? In which direction do they curve? (19)
Cervical curve: 7; toward the front
Thoracic Curve: 12; toward the back
Lumbar Curve: 5; toward the front
Sacral-Coccygeal Curve: 9; toward back
Which part of the spine is weight-bearing (front or back)? What is the function of the other part? (19)
The front. The back part give attachments for ribs and muscles and enclose the spinal cord. Spinous processes
What are the three functions of your spinal vertebrae? (19)
bear and deliver weight, protect the spinal cord, allow movement
What are the three parts of each vertebra? What is the function of each? (19-20)
the body, the foramen,for the opening of the spinal cord, and the spinous processes, which give attachments for ribs, muscles and tendons
Describe the facets on the vertebrae? (22)
Small gliding joints that allow ribs to attach, and are flexible and stable.
Describe the front of the spine. (22)
bears and delivers weight
Describe the form and function of your vertebral discs. (22)
The discs are cartilaginous and absorb shock, help with movement and stability
Where is the one place in the spine where there is no disc? (22)
cervical vertebrae, between the atlas and the axis.
What do singers need to avoid? (22)
Holding head in front of, behind spine, or too low or too high.
Describe the vertebral ligaments? (23)
strong, flexible tissues that connect vertebrae
What is a tendon? What is its function? (23)
connect muscle to bone; support, mobility
What is fascia? What is its function? (23)
strong, connective tissue that gives support and flexibility
Where are the six places of balance?
the A-O joint, the arm structure, thorax in relation to lumbar spine, hip joints, knee joints, and ankle joints
Which of these six places of balance is not an actual joint?
the thorax in relation to lumbar spine
What is the function of your atlas?
support your head and distribute weight to the spine
Explain how the skull and the atlas fit together.
condyles and occiputs fit together and let it rotate and glide
Why is mapping your A-O joint important?
releases neck muscles
Where is you’re A-O joint located?
base of skull
What is meant by a neutral position for the neck?
no work, balanced
What are two ways to help find the accurate relationship between your thorax and your lumbar spine?
lying on the back with knees bent, and support under the head; walking backward
What is the function of the pelvis?
distributes weight of upper body to the legs
Describe your pelvis.
2 mirroring bones
What do you know about your hip joints?
located outside the pelvis, angled from joint to greater trochanter, place from which to bend upper body
What is your torso?
everything in between head, arms, and legs.
Describe your knee joint.
behind and slightly below knee cap
Where is your kneecap located?
above and in front of the joint
What are the three conditions of the knee joint?
locked, balanced, and bent
How does the position of the thorax affect the knee joint?
if the thorax is too far back, the knee will be locked and you won't be able to be upright
Do your knees need to bend in order to be balanced?
no
Describe your ankle joint.
where the two lower leg bones meet a large foot bone, the talus, that sits atop the larger foot bone, the calcaneus
What are the bumps on the outside and inside of your ankle?
tibia, fibula.
Which of the lower leg bones distributes our weight?
tibia
Which other joint in the body has a direct impact on the ankle joint?
A-O Joint
How does the position of the thorax affect the ankle joint?
joints stiffen if the thorax isn't balanced
In what order should we balance our joints?
A-O, thorax in relation to lumbar, hips, knees, ankle joints
Describe the location of the heel bone.
The heel bone extends back past the ankle joint
Describe your foot.
three arches which distribute the weight, three points of contact with the floor which creates a "tripod"/balanced effect
Describe the structure of each arm
collarbone, shoulder blade, upper arm bone, two lower arm bones, wrist, and hand; four arm joints
Name and describe the arm joints.
sternoclavicular, connects arm to sternum, upper arm, elbow, and wrist
Describe position of collarbones and shoulder blades and how arm structure should be balanced.
the "shoulder girdle" should be balanced over the weight-bearing spine, with collarbones roughly parallel to the ground
Your skeleton will be
better balanced, used for balancing the body
My spine and my postural muscles that surround it
support, freeing, expressive movement
What are the five poor postural instructions given at the end of the chapter?
stand against the wall to achieve good posture
stand "straight" as if the spine were a solid straight stick
lift the sternum high
roll the shoulders back/hold them down
tuck the pelvis under
suspend head by invisible string from ceiling
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