Singing always requires movement. (12)
What words does the author suggest might be substituted for poster? (12) Balance, buoyant, springy.
What are the questions you should ask to map your skeleton? (12) How large is my skeleton? Where is my skeleton located? What is the construction of my skeleton? What is the function of my skeleton? How does my skeleton move?
What is the function of your skeleton? (14) Serves as a structure of support, weight distribution, and movement.
What is a joint? (14) where two bones connect.
What is co-contraction? (14) trying to move while contracting both muscles simultaneously.
What would cause a skeletal muscle to not be able to move freely? (14) Co-contraction, or the opposing muscle not being released. Chronic tension.
What is the difference in the workings of a tense and a released muscle? (15) A tense muscles works more than is necessary for the task. A released muscle works only as much as necessary.
Our muscles should release and rest upon the skeleton. (15)
Describe the location of the 4 different portions of your spine. What is the function of each? (16) Cervical : top 7 vertebrae, deal with movement and support of the head. Thoracic: 12, attach to ribs to protect lungs and heart, support the weight from the cervical vertebrae. Lumbar: 5 vertebrae, largest and support the weight of the cervical and thoracic. Sacrum: lies just below your lumbar vertebrae and is roughly triangular-shaped bone forming the back wall of the pelvis.
What is the name of the top vertebra? (16) Atlas
How does the thickness and size of the vertebrae differ? (19) The cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae are all separate and increase in size the lower they go in your body. The vertebrae that form the sacrum are fused together
How far from your back is the lumber spine located? (19) 1/2 the bodies depth.
How much space does the circumference of your spine occupy? (19) The circumference of your index fingers and thumbs making a circle.
What are the four curves of the spine? How many vertebrae make up each curve? In which direction do they curve? (19) Cervical curve - forward; Thoracic - back; Lumbar - forward; Sacral-Coccygeal - back.
Which part of the spine is weight-bearing (front or back)? What is the function of the other part? (19) Front is weight-bearing while the back protects the spinal cord.
What are the three functions of your spinal vertebrae? (19) Bearing and delivering weight; housing and protecting the spinal cord; and allowing for movement.
What are the three parts of each vertebra? What is the function of each? (19-20) Vertebral bodies and discs - bears the weight of your head and torso and delivers it through the sacrum into the pelvis; the spinous processes of each vertebrae encloses and protects your spinal cord; and the carilaginous discs allow for movement
Describe the facets on the vertebrae? (22) allow your vertebrae to connect to each other.
Describe the front of the spine. (22) vertebral bodies that are the weight-baring part of each vertebrae.
Describe the form and function of your vertebral discs. (22) flat and circular, and about 1/4 inch thick; has a fibrous outer shell called the annulus.
Where is the one place in the spine where there is no disc? (22) Between the C1 and C2 vertebrae.
What do singers need to avoid? (22) Chronic disc compression, which impedes movement and can also cause pain or injury.
Describe the vertebral ligaments? (23) strong, flexible fibrous bands of tissue. They connect bone to bone and enable movement.
What is a tendon? What is its function? (23) Tendon connects bone to muscle and is similar in makeup to a ligament.
What is fascia? What is its function? (23) Thin, strong connective tissue. Enables movement along with the other connective tissues.
Where are the six places of balance? A-O Joint; Arm Structure; Thorax in relationship to lumbar spine; Hip Joints; Knee Joints; Ankle Joints.
Which of these six places of balance is not an actual joint? The Thorax in relationship to lumbar spine.
What is the function of your atlas? Supports your head and distribute the weight to the rest of the spine.
Explain how the skull and the atlas fit together. The two occipital condyles fit into two oval depressions on the top of the atlas.
Why is mapping your A-O joint important? The order of balancing the body starts at the top. If the top isn't balanced, everything underneath it can't be either.
Where is you’re A-O joint located? In between your ears.
What is meant by a neutral position for the neck? No unnecessary tension present.
What are two ways to help find the accurate relationship between your thorax and your lumbar spine? Lying down on your back with your knees bent and your feet flat on the floor; and walking backwards.
What is the function of the pelvis? Distribute the weight of your upper body to your legs.
Describe your pelvis. Two bones that mirror each other at the top called the iliac crest. In between these bones lies your sacrum, which then connects to your coccyx.
What do you know about your hip joints? Located outside of your pelvis and above your sitting bones. Ball and socket type joint. They connect your femur by angling upward and inward toward your pelvis.
What is your torso? The core of your body, the part that excludes your appendages and head.
Describe your knee joint. Does NOT involve the knee cap as part of the joint, but is behind and slightly below. Can be in one of three conditions.
Where is your kneecap located? behind and slightly below the knee cap
What are the three conditions of the knee joint? Bent, balanced, and locked.
How does the position of the thorax affect the knee joint? If the thorax is too far back in relatino to your lumbar spine, your knee joints will lock to protect you from falling over.
Do your knees need to bend in order to be balanced? Nope
Describe your ankle joint. Where the tibia and fibula meet the talus bone of your foot.
What are the bumps on the outside and inside of your ankle? Outside = bottom of fibula bone; Inside = bottom of tibia bone.
Which of the lower leg bones distributes our weight? The tibia (the larger of the two).
Which other joint in the body has a direct impact on the ankle joint? A-O joint
How does the position of the thorax affect the ankle joint? If the thorax is not balanced in relation to the lumbar spine the ankle joints stiffen.
In what order should we balance our joints? Top down.
Describe the location of the heel bone. Extends farther back from the line of balance behind the ankle joint.
Describe your foot. Each foot has three arches, and none of these arches involve the use of the toes.
Describe the structure of each arm. One collarbone, shoulder blade, upper arm bone, two lower arm bones, a wrist, and hand.
Name and describe the arm joints. Sternoclavicular, uppper arm, elbow, and wrist.
Describe position of collarbones and shoulder blades and how arm structure should be balanced. Ideally is designed to center over your weight-bearing spine, with your collarbones roughly parallel to the ground. Arm structure should be balanced lightly and centrally over your ribs.
Your skeleton will be better balancedwhen your muscles are not being recruited to do the work of your skeleton.
My spine and my postural muscles that surround it support my front and my back, freeing my front and my back for expressive movement.
What are the five poor postural instructions given at the end of the chapter?
* stand against the wall to achieve good posture
* stand "straight" as if the spine were a solid straight stick
* lift the sternum high
* roll the shoulders back/hold them down
* tuck the pelvis under
* suspend head by invisible string from ceiling
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