What
are the three characteristics of good physical movement as described in the
opening paragraphs of chapter 2? (11)
Flexibility, balance, and
freedom
Singing always requires _________movement_________. (12)
What words does the author suggest might be substituted for
poster? (12)
Balance, buoyant,
springy
What
are the questions you should ask to map your skeleton? (12)
How large is my skeleton
Where is my skeleton
located?
What is the construction
of my skeleton?
How does my skeleton
move?
What is the function of
my skeleton?
What
is the function of your skeleton? (14)
The function of the
skeleton serves as a structure of support, distributes weight, and movement.
What
is a joint? (14)
A joint is where two
bones connect.
What
is co-contraction? (14)
Co-contraction is
when people try to move while contracting both muscles at the same time.
What
would cause a skeletal muscle to not be able to move freely? (14)
Co-contraction
What
is the difference in the workings of a tense and a released muscle? (15)
A tense muscles works
more than is necessary for the task. A released muscle works only as much
as necessary.
Our
muscles should release and rest upon
the skeleton. (15)
Describe
the location of the 4 different portions of your spine. What is the
function of each? (16)
Cervical: holds the weight of
the head
Thoracic: bears the weight of the head
arms and chest
Lumbar: supports torso, arms and head
Sacrum: distributes the weight from
your upper body to your pelvis
What
is the name of the top vertebra? (16)
Atlas
How
does the thickness and size of the vertebrae differ? (19)
The 24 vertebrae
are smaller in thickness and circumference near the top of the spine and larger
near the lumbar spine.
How
far from your back is the lumber spine located? (19)
How
much space does the circumference of your spine occupy? (19)
Skeletal
measurements varies from the size of human being but according to the skeletal
figure: the cervical spine takes up 1/3 of the body’s depth from front to back,
the thoracic spine 1/4, and the lumbar spine 1/2.
What
are the four curves of the spine? How many vertebrae make up each
curve? In which direction do they curve? (19)
Cervical Curve: 7;
slightly forward
Thoracic Curve: 12; back
away from the center
Lumbar Curve: 5; forward
to the center
Sacral-Coccygeal Curve:
9; away from the center
Which
part of the spine is weight-bearing (front or back)? What is the function
of the other part? (19)
The front
What
are the three functions of your spinal vertebrae? (19) What are the three parts
of each vertebra? What is the function of each? (19-20)
The body
The foramen: the opening for the spinal cord
The spinal process: attachment
for muscles and ligaments. (Not capable of bearing weight) 28.
Describe
the facets on the vertebrae? (22)
Small indentations
on the back of the vertebral process which allow the vertebrae to connect with
one another.
Describe
the front of the spine. (22)
The front of the spine bears the weight
of the head and torso and delivers it through the sacrum into the pelvis.
Describe
the form and function of your vertebral discs. (22)
Spinal discs are
flat and circular and about ¼ inch thick.
These flexible discs will compress when they bear weight and they spring
back to its original shape once the weight is removed.
Where
is the one place in the spine where there is no disc? (22)
There is no disc
between the axis and the atlas.
What
do singers need to avoid? (22)
Singers need to avoid holding their head
too far forward of their spine which tightens neck muscles as well as the rest
of the body.
Describe
the vertebral ligaments? (23)
Vertebral ligaments connect the vertebrae
discs and facet joints
What
is a tendon? What is its function? (23)
A cord or band of
fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones.
What
is fascia? What is its function? (23)
Fascia is thin,
strong connective tissue. It provides a
flexible and elegant support and movement for you spine and entire body.
What are the
six places of balance?
The six places of balance are:
The
A-O joint
Upper
arm joints
Hip
joints
Knee
joints
Ankle
joints
What is the
function of your atlas?
The atlas helps support the weight of the head
and distributes that weight to the rest of the body.
Explain how
the skull and the atlas fit together?
Two
rounded bumps on the underside of the occiput called condyles fit into the two
depressions on the top atlas.
Why is mapping your A-O joint important?
Mapping your
A-O joint is important the balance at the A-O joint allows the muscles in your
neck and the rest of your body to release.
This will allow one to move easy and expressively.
Where is your A-O joint located?
The
A-O joint is located right between the ears
What is meant by a neutral position for the neck?
The neutral
position for the neck is to be free of unnecessary tension. If your neck is tense, then you will be tense
in other areas of your body.
What are two ways to help find the accurate relationship
between your thorax and your lumbar spine?
1.
Lying down on your back
with your knees bent and feet flat on the floor.
2.
Walking backward and then
slowly walk forward.
What is the function of the pelvis?
The
pelvis distributes the weight of your upper body to your legs.
Describe your pelvis.
The
pelvis contains two bones that mirror each other. Between these two bones is
the sacrum which has an upper and lower part. The upper part connects to your
lowest lumbar vertebrae and the lower part connects your tale bone. The sacrum
curves deeply increasing the depth of the pelvic cavity.
The
hip joint is locates 2-3 in. deeper and higher than your greater trochanter. The
hip joints are located outside the pelvis and above the sitting bones.
What is your torso?
Your
torso is the portion of your body that excludes your head, arms, and legs.
Describe your knee joint.
Your
knee joint is located behind and slightly below the kneecap.
Where is your kneecap located?
The
kneecap simply floats in front of the lower end of the thighbone; it is
connected with ligaments to the top of the larger lower leg bone and the bottom
of the thighbone.
What are the three conditions of the knee joint?
The
three conditions of the knee joint are locked, balanced, and bent.
How does the position of the thorax affect the knee joint?
If
one is locking their knees then thorax is not balance. One would not be able to
unlock their knees safely until their entire body is balanced.
Do your knees need to bend in order to be balanced?
No,
they need to be balanced.
Describe your ankle joint.
The
ankle joint is located where your two
lower leg bones meet the talus bone of your foot. What are the bumps on the outside and inside of your
ankle?
The
bottom of your fibula and the bottom of your tibia.
Which of the lower leg bones distributes our weight?
The tibia.
Which other joint in the body has a direct impact on the
ankle joint?
The
knee joint.
How does the position of the thorax affect the ankle
joint?
When
the thorax is not balanced, the ankle joints will stiffen.
In what order should we balance our joints?
A-O
joint, thorax (in relation to the lumbar spine), hip, knee, and ankle joints.
Describe the location of the heel bone.
The heel bone
extends farther back from the line of balance behind the ankle joint
Describe your foot.
The foot has
three arches that help distributes the weight of your body from the center of
the arches outward.
Transverse:
spans across the foot from head of the first big toe to the head of the fifth
toe
Medial
Longitudinal: spans from your heel to the head of your first big toe
Lateral
Arch: spans from the head of your fifth toe to your heel
Describe the structure of each arm.
Each
arm contains: one collarbone, shoulder blade, upper arm bone, two lower arm
bones, a wrist, and hand.
Name and describe the arm joints.
The
arm joints are:
Sternoclavicular: connects your
entire arm structure to your breastbone
Upper arm:
Elbow:
Wrist:
Describe position of collarbones and shoulder blades and
how arm structure should be balanced.
The
position of the collarbones and shoulder blades is made to center over the
weight- bearing spine with the collarbone roughly parallel to the ground. Arm
structure should be balanced lightly and centrally over your ribs in order to
allow free and expressive movement.
Your skeleton will be balanced when
your muscles are not overworked .
My spine and my postural muscles that surround it support my
front and my back, allowing my
front and my back for easily expressive movement .
What are the five poor postural instructions given at the
end of the chapter?
Stand “straight” as if
the spine were a straight, solid broomstick.
Stand against the wall
to achieve good pasture
Roll the shoulders back
and/or hold them down
Tuck the pelvis under
Suspend your head
by an invisible string from the ceiling
Lift the sternum high
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